posted by admin on Apr 24
Even in the tropics, divers have to guard against thermal loss, but for divers who blow bubbles in chilly, temperate conditions–water ranging from the low 50s to the low 70s–staying warm is imperative. When the water’s this cold, it doesn’t take much to get uncomfortably chilled and stay that way. Good news: Today’s 7mm wetsuits offer better fit, features, comfort and thermal protection than ever before. In this review, Scuba Lab takes a look at 12 new 7mm wetsuits, but first, let’s review how a wetsuit really works.
Wetsuit Basics
Wetsuits are made with neoprene rubber, a closed-cell foam that traps millions of tiny gas bubbles. These bubbles in the neoprene act as insulation, and this, combined with a snug, sealed fit that minimizes the amount of cold water that enters the suit, is what keeps your body heat from escaping. In order for a wetsuit to keep you warm, it should: 1) be thick enough for the temperature of the water you’re diving in, 2) have seams, seals and zippers that minimize water intrusion, and most important, 3) fit like a second skin.
Materials
Stretch vs. Warmth A layer of material, usually nylon, lines each side of a wetsuit’s neoprene rubber. The purpose of the outer layer is to provide some protection for the neoprene, while the inner layer, or lining, is more for comfort. Some suits use no inner lining, and instead have a smooth-skin interior. This offers more warmth because the whole suit seals against your skin, minimizing or even eliminating water flow, a key feature of an effective wetsuit. The downside: wetsuits with smooth-skin interiors, with some notable exceptions, are more difficult to put on and take off, and the inside of the suit is more prone to damage.
The trend in recent years, especially in 7mm suits, is toward more stretchy neoprene to increase comfort and flexibility. A stretchier suit is easier to put on, is super comfortable and is able to maintain a snug fit by conforming to your body. The downside: stretchier neoprene compresses more at depth than denser, stiffer, standard-stretch neoprene, reducing its insulation capabilities. Because of this, some wetsuit manufacturers use more traditional compression-resistant neoprene, which is then cut into anatomically shaped panels and sewn together to add flexibility.
Seams
Keep Them Watertight Nearly all seams on 7mm wetsuits are glued and blind-stitched. First, the suit’s neoprene panels are glued with two or three coats of neoprene cement. Next, the seams are sewn together to prevent them from pulling apart. This is done with a blind-stitch, where a needle penetrates only the top layer of the material on either side of the seam, without punching all the way through the neoprene.
There are slightly different methods used in creating a durable waterproof seam. One is running a bead of liquid silicone-based urethane over the glued seam on the opposite side of a blind-stitched seam, making one side of the seam look like it’s been "welded" together. This process is more waterproof, since you’re not poking holes in the neoprene on one side, and more durable because the liquid weld bonds to the seam virtually everywhere contact has been made, rather than just at the stitch points. Glued-and-taped is another method, where flexible bonding tape is applied with heat and pressure over the glued seam on both sides, eliminating the need for any stitches at all.
Seals
The More the Better Some water always seeps into a wetsuit, but the goal is to keep it to a minimum. The most common water entry points, in order of importance, are the neck, wrists and ankles. Some manufacturers put sealing systems on these entry points. Starting with the most effective, they are:
A note on neck seals: 7mm suits are designed for temperate to cold water, environments that require not only a thick suit but a hood. Most wetsuit hoods tuck inside the collar, but this generally breaks whatever neck seal the wetsuit has. If you wear a standard wetsuit hood, don’t worry about what kind of neck seal the wetsuit has; instead, tuck in the hood and then adjust the collar as snug as possible to minimize water flow. If the wetsuit has a first-rate neck seal and you don’t want to lose it, consider wearing a dry suit hood. These overlap the collar rather than tuck inside, maintaining the integrity of the seal. Another option: some manufacturers offer wetsuit hoods that have a band of smooth-skin sewn around the neck. Tuck the hood into the collar of the suit so that the smooth-skin band makes contact with the smooth-skin neck seal. They bond together, preserving the seal and keeping you dry, warm and comfortable.
Zippers
Often Overlooked
Choosing a 7mm suit with a vertical back zipper or one with a horizontal front zipper is a matter of preference. Front-zipper suits tend to be easier to put on, but the zipper track can affect flexibility in the chest and shoulder areas. Back zippers lay in line with the spine and tend to be more comfortable, but you may need help when zipping up. Whether back or front, the zipper creates the greatest potential for water entry. To combat this, most suits have a zipper underflap that lies between a diver’s bare back and a heavy-duty zipper track, which helps block water flow (and adds cushioned comfort). Some suits use two sections of smooth-skin neoprene, one on each edge of the zipper track. When the zipper is zipped up, the two sections of smooth-skin seal against each other. Finally, a couple of suits use zippers with overlapping teeth that reduce water seepage, and here and there, you’ll find a 7mm suit with a dry suit-type zipper with its teeth sandwiched between layers of rubber that create a truly watertight seal.
Fit
The Ultimate Challenge Of course, none of the above–the seals, the seams, the zippers–matters if the wetsuit doesn’t fit. Gaps in your armpits and spaces between your legs, behind your knee 1ff8 s or along your spine fill up and pump water inside your suit, sucking the heat out of you.
A properly fitting suit fits your body like a second skin, with no gaps or spaces. Finding a good fit can be difficult: Everyone has a unique shape, and even standard sizes like small, medium and large differ by manufacturer. Some suits tend to be designed for muscular divers, others fit lean divers better. Some manufacturers offer a dizzying array of sizes, others offer only the basics. Bottom line: To get a snug-fitting suit, try on as many as you can. If you can’t find a stock suit that fits, find a manufacturer that offers custom-made suits. The Pinnacle Polar retails for $489.
We one of the few master Xcel dealers that has the spank brand new 2009 Thermostretch Bamboo line of completely green wetsuit fullsuits. Please give us and call and come in to see this amazing technology in wetsuit wear. Xcel hasn’t yet decided to advertise their dive wetsuits on the internet so contact us at 866 K2 Diving (866 523 4846) and we will email you the pics and specs of this new product!
Author: Tevis Verrett
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